Chronic Kidney Disease is an important cause of world-wide morbidity and mortality and a global health problem. The quality of life of people living with chronic kidney disease is often compromised because of several barriers to accessing dialysis treatment in low-income settings. Aside from death, there is the challenge of cost of treatment, reduction in the quality of life of patients and caregivers. It was estimated that at least 2.3 to 3.2 million people die annually around the world because of either an inability to access dialysis treatment in the first place or an inability to sustain treatment and these progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Therefore, this study is designed to discuss how dialysis access can be improved through setting right priorities as a nation thereby improving kidney care. The study specifically identified issues about dialysis access; discussed how access to dialysis will improve kidney care; and considered ethical consideration associated with dialysis access provision. A service has to be accessible before it can be utilized. It is suggested that distance to healthcare services influences their accessibility and utilization especially in Nigeria. Dialysis access is also influenced by affordability, resources, availability, number of hospitals rendering dialysis services, proximity to service provider and these can be improved through setting right priorities as a nation thereby improving kidney care. In conclusion, cost of patient care of CKD is beyond the reach of Nigerians who mostly pay out of pocket for health service. There is an urgent need for the government to prioritize, subsidized and include CKD care under the national insurance scheme.

Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis Access, Improve Kidney Care, Priority Setting, and Ethical Consideration,

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