This study explores the functional contributions of science to Nigeria’s Universal Basic Education (UBE) programme, emphasising its transformative role in fostering critical thinking, environmental awareness, and societal development. Introduced in 1999, the UBE programme aimed to extend access to foundational education, aligning with global education initiatives and addressing socio-economic disparities. Science, as an integral component of the curriculum, facilitates interactive learning, instilling essential skills like inquiry, analysis, and problem-solving. It supports the UBE’s objectives by promoting literacy in environmental sustainability, food security, health, and technological advancements. Science education empowers learners to comprehend and interact meaningfully with their environment, leveraging tools like experimentation and technology to address contemporary challenges, such as climate change and resource management. By fostering a multidisciplinary approach, it enhances integration across subjects, ensuring a holistic educational experience. The study highlights how science supports the UBE’s vision of inclusivity and lifelong learning by equipping learners with practical skills and ethical values for personal and societal advancement. Despite significant progress, challenges such as inadequate resources, teacher shortages, and cultural barriers persist, limiting the programme’s full potential. Addressing these requires innovative approaches, including enhanced teacher training and integration of digital tools, to sustain the functional contributions of science to basic education in Nigeria.

Keywords: Contributions, Science Education, Nigeria, Universal Basic Education (UBE),

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